This perennial grass native to South America, known as tussock, grows mainly in the Falkland Islands. Its dense, high tufts rising up to 2.5 metres in height can live for 200 years, and create a cool and humid microclimate that is essential for biodiversity on land deprived of trees and shrubs. They thus provide essential habitat for birds, including penguins, petrels and albatrosses, as well as shelter for insects. At 3,794 metres high, Mount Erebus on Ross Island is one of Antarctica's most iconic volcanoes. Discovered by James Clark Ross in 1841 and named after HMS Erebus, one of two ships sailed by the captain, it is the southernmost active volcano in the world. Its crater contains a lava lake, which is rare on our planet. To protect themselves from icy storms, Weddell seals maintain breathing holes by biting the ice with their teeth. This allows them to stay underwater for long periods of time without needing to come to the surface. WATCH How do you fancy an expedition cruise to Antarctica? Itineraries: The great Austral loop, p. 28, Journey to Austral lands and Valdés Peninsula, p. 29.Itineraries: Unexplored Antarctica between two continents and Unexplored East Antarctica & French Southern lands, p. 35. Itineraries: Emblematic Antarctica and The great Austral loop, p. 28; Journey to Austral lands and Valdés Peninsula, p. 29; Scott & Shackleton’s Antarctic – Ross Sea Expedition, p. 31; The emperor penguins of the Weddell Sea and In the wake of Jean-Baptiste Charcot, p. 34; Unexplored Antarctica between two continents, p. 35.27Poa flabellata: the shelter of seabirdsFire in Antarctica Polar breakthroughs “The sky becomes a mother- of-pearl shell, where all the iridescent colours of nature blend together, without clashing...” Jean-Baptiste Charcot, Le Français au pôle Sud[translated from the original French work]
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